Children Upbringing - 4973 Words

Growing up in a single parent household can bring certain problems for an adolescent, such as understanding roles in the household. Not having the right gender around to learn from, and the amount of social qualities towards the same or opposite sex. In today’s world, socialization has been the key to networking, self actualization, and career decision making. There are many of stories dealing with adversity, based on the living conditions someone is exposed to when growing up. One of the most important factors is the upbringing a person goes through from childhood to adulthood, with different influences. To influence someone, is to have an impact in someone’s life so much that it will take what has been absorbed, apply it towards†¦show more content†¦Children have to know how to separate the social awareness of the type of crowd they can fit in. In each school there are the cliques, fringe, loners, and circles of friendship, all of which affect a child d uring the times of teen life. The Cliques, which are the most popular groups, are usually the athletes, beautiful, affluent young men and women that make up about 25% of the population. They have the most friends; socialize with others than most kids because of their image, which draws the attention to other classmates and teachers as well. The parenting for the teens that are in Cliques, treat them differently than most children. They give them more freedom to go out with friends, but also set standards enough for them to educate themselves and learn how to use their knowledge rather than talents, or gifts. IF they are using their talent, use it in a good, responsible way because some kids take their talents and have a tendency to be over confident, arrogant. Which will cause conflict in the household because if though the parent is working to pay the bills; the child has so much social interaction they begin to feel they are more important, turn it on their parent(s). The f ringes are the ones who hang around the cliques but are not part of the clique. It could a friend they grow up with, but do not participate in sports or lack the popularity that otherShow MoreRelatedUpbringing of Children.705 Words   |  3 PagesI. Upbringing of children. 1.- Each persons knowledge of how to bring up a child usually comes from their surroundings and their own upbringing. Children are going through their adolescence before their final adult characters are beginning to take shape. 2.- Some parents think it is good for children to be allowed to run wild without control or supervision. They say that this enables childrens personalities to develop naturally and that they will learn to be responsible by the mistakes they makeRead MoreDavid Copperfield s The Upbringing Of Children1397 Words   |  6 PagesDavid Copperfield was a novel written by Charles Dickens. Like most of Dickens other works, it was written to help teach lessons in the upbringing of children. David Copperfield came out in bits and pieces throughout the year from 1849 to 1850. The books were intended for the average family. A family would get each installment of the book as it came out, and read it together, often out loud. In order to help teach these lessons, Dickens filled David Copperfield with multiple experiences that he thoughtRead MoreInfluence Of Influence On The Upbringing And Rearing Of Children1179 Words   |  5 Pagesit.† - Proverbs 22:6 New King James Version (NKJV) In America today the rise of violence that is being committed by children is growing daily. The pressure that is placed upon a parent to raise children in a certain demeanor has fallen to the waste side, and every man, woman, and child is for themselves. Outside influences play a major role in the upbringing and rearing of children no matter what age and time they were brought up in. Men, in a word, must necessarily be controlled either by a powerRead MoreIs There A Strong Relationship Between Poverty And Juvenile Delinquency?1655 Words   |  7 Pageshigher if nothing is done. And if there is a relationship between poverty and juvenile delinquency, the delinquency rate will also rise. By then, we will be looking at even more children in programs, in facilities, and maybe dead if nothing is done soon (Bishaw, 2014). Also, poverty does have somewhat of an effect on children that we know of. If a child’s family is in poverty, the child probably won’t go to a good school, live in a good neighborhood, have good social skills, or have decent friendsRead MoreA Constitutional Amendment: the Only Way to Protect Parental Rights to Direct the Upbringing and Education of Their Children3083 Words   |  13 PagesA Constitutional Amendment: The Only Way to Protect Parental Rights to Direct the Upbringing and Education of Their Children English 1020 May 1, 2008 Outline Thesis: In order to ensure that parental rights concerning the upbringing and education of their children remain fundamental rights in America, there must be an amendment to the United States Constitution explicitly stating parental rights. I. Parental rights are not specifically protected under the United States ConstitutionRead MoreMidnights Children and Satanic Verses1368 Words   |  5 Pagesglobe, writes using dream-like magical sequences to allow him to explore the inner-workings of the transcultural man. In doing so, he uses the cultural connotations of the images to convey the chaos and surrealism of the modern world. In Midnight’s Children and Satanic Verses, Salman Rushdie aptly applies magical realism and religious parallels to convey the internal struggle of reconciling self-determination with cultural heritage. Through the character Saladin Chamcha’s arc in The Satanic VersesRead MoreFeral Children Essay1918 Words   |  8 PagesThe Wild Children Child: Oxana Malaya The definition of the word feral children is undomesticated children. It has been a proven case that young children cannot survive on their own in the wild they are merely adopted by animals that choose to love them and want to help the children and teach them their way of life. An animal can sense when they’re in danger but when these children pose no threat all they want is devotion, love, protection they didn’t receive from the parents or guardiansRead MoreReverend Mother And The Mother2327 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"filled with a kind of rage† (139), Amina is pushed forward to rediscover â€Å"the adventurous streak† within her. Further, we see Amina urging for a new identity other than the wife of Ahmed Sinai the daughter of Reverend Mother or the mother of two children, she goes out to win, to have her own identity, to reunite with her ex-lover, as home is no longer her own place to reign. The clash between the mother and daughter as well as the fear of losing control over domestic space allows Amina to seek forRead More1.1 Outline Current Legislation, Guidelines, Policies and Procedures Within Own Uk Home Nation Affecting the Safeguarding of Children and Young People.672 Words   |  3 Pagesaffecting the safeguarding of children and young people. There are many policies and procedures within the UK that outline the current legislation and guidelines to help with safeguarding children and young people. The Children Act 1989 The integral part of this act is to maintain the child is at the forefront of decisions; the best option in relation to the child’s welfare will be taken into account when deciding the best course of action for the child/young person’s upbringing – creating a partnershipRead MoreHow Childrens Act 1989 Protects Children2439 Words   |  10 Pagesto explain how children act 1989 protects children and what circumstances are they used? I’m going to outline the section 17 and 47 of children act and what they are and how they would be used to protect children and in what circumstances are the act used. I will be outlining how they could benefit the child. When would the family support be used the most and in what circumstances it should be used. Children Act 1989 was a framework provided for the care and protection of children and young people

Analysis Of Magdalena Kay s Magdalena - 1420 Words

Credit Transfer In her article, Magdalena Kay brings up the idea that students feel the need to go to college in order to obtain a job that makes enough money to support the lifestyle that they want (3). These students want to go to universities to earn their degree so that they can achieve their blissful little life with a gratifying job, but for students, it is not always possible to make it to a university right away as planned. Frequently universities cost too much, people are not mature enough, their grades are not satisfactory, or they need to work and do not have the time for classes; this is where community colleges come into play. They can be a great option for people who are unable to go straight to a four-year college and they allow students to get most of their general classes out of the way and help them work towards a bachelor s degree. A majority of students transfer to a four-year college from community colleges by virtue of the benefits of it, but through the process over 50 percent of students lose some portion of their credits and this sets them back on their path to earning a degree. While transferring has copious benefits for students, there are not a multitude of options for paths between colleges to transfer. By the time most students start thinking about the credits they had previously earned at the community college it is too late and they have already lost them. This is the most difficult part of the transferring process due to the fact that

What Works Reducing Recidivism for Juveniles Essay Example For Students

What Works: Reducing Recidivism for Juveniles Essay Jennifer L RichardsNovember 12, 2010IntroductionJuvenile crimes are usually represented as a large proportion in a community. To minimize the situation, the juvenile justice system created different types of rehabilitation programs eager to assist juveniles in becoming more susceptible to future criminal activities. Patience and hope is the forefront of our juvenile justice system. As a community come together to help prevent juvenile crime, our juvenile justice system had an astonishing decrease in juvenile crime since 1999. Unfortunately, many juvenile offenses go unreported and thus do not become a part of the national statistical picture (OJJDP). Even though in 1999, U.S. juvenile courts processed an estimated 1,673,000 delinquency cases that involved juveniles charged with criminal law violations (Stahl, pg. 1, 2001). The reason for this trend is estimated to be the risk factors that affect juveniles such as drugs, mental defects, extreme poverty, over exposure to violence, an e asy access to firearms, violence in media (movies, etc), an unstable family life with family violence, gang violence, and other delinquent peers to which they subject themselves.Today, nineteen percent of all juveniles arrested in 2007 were handled within the police department and then released. Seventy percent of arrested juveniles were referred to juvenile court (OJJDP). Most crimes committed by juveniles are caused by males. More than three of every four (76%) delinquency cases in 1999 involved a male, a decline from 81% in 1990. In 1999, males accounted for 84% (160,800) of drug law violation cases, 76% (537,900) of property offense cases, 75% (293,000) of public order offense cases, and 73% (282,800) of person offense cases. So the question being asked here is, ?How can the juvenile justice system prevent such trends and what programs work to reduce recidivism amongst juvenilesReducing Juvenile Recidivism with SanctionsAccording to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, (also known as OJJDP) report and Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 2006 National Report, ?There is no national recidivism rate for juveniles. Such a rate would not have much meaning since juvenile justice systems vary so much across states (OJJDP). High profile?often very violent?incidents tend to shape public perceptions of juvenile offending. Juvenile justice systems have widely adopted risk assessment instruments to support judicial and administrative decisions about sanctioning severity and restrictiveness of care (Juvenile Assessments). It is important for the public, the media, elected officials, and juvenile justice professionals to have an accurate view of (1) the crimes committed by juveniles, (2) the proportion and characteristics of youth involved in law-violating behaviors, and (3) trends in these behaviors. This understanding can come from studying victim reports, juvenile self-reports of offending behavior, and official records (Snyder, Sickmund, pg. 63). Th e main aim of community corrections is to make it possible for juvenile offenders to receive additional help via local, city, or county level programs for treatment and assistance rather than prison. The main goals of community sanctions include facilitating juvenile offender reintegration, fostering juvenile offender rehabilitation, providing an alternative range of juvenile offender punishments, and heightening juvenile offender accountability. The general purpose of an officer working to assist in a community sanction is: to establish criteria for selecting work sites for offenders ordered to perform community service; to design an intensive supervision program; to devise a means of reducing crowding in a local jail; or to propose a set of sentencing guidelines for the use of community sanctions. ?Sanctions? are the official responses levied or imposed by the criminal justice system on persons convicted of crimes (Harris, Pgs 3-4).Rehabilitation is one of the major goals of any c ommunity sanctioned program. Sanctions may be assigned for the purposes of punishment, treatment, public protection, deterrence, or a variety of other aims. The types of rehabilitations can be separated by age groups, diverse backgrounds, addictions such as drugs and alcohol, or learning disabilities (including educational deficiencies). Community sanctions have major functions to assist in juvenile offender punishments which include client monitoring and supervision, ensuring public safety, employment assistance, individual/group counseling, education training and literacy services, networking with other community agencies and businesses, and alleviating jail and prison overcrowding. The means to have an alternative outlet for a non-violent offender is better than sending them into the prison. Even though there are significant changes in the way immediate sanctions work, they are great opportunities for the juvenile. There are different types of intermediate sanctions depending on the circumstances of the offender. There are diversion programs which are commonly referred to as a ?front door? program because the goal is to limit the number of juvenile offenders attempting to enter prison. This program is generally used for low risk offenders who want to substitute their time. The juvenile offender can spend this time in either a halfway home for drugs, sex crimes, or alcohol abuse that contributed to their crime or a type of boot camp usually consistent with military programs. If the juvenile offender accepts that responsibility and rules of the program, there is a possible opportunity to be released completely back into the community. You also have the enhancement programs for juvenile offenders. It consists of previously sentenced probationers and parolees and punishes them to closer supervision in the community instead of having them on basic parole and probation. There is an understanding that there are some who oppose community sanctions. This may include public resistance to locating community programs in communities, punishment and public safety versus the juvenile offender rehabilitation and reintegration, net-widening, the privatization of community sanctions agencies, and services delivery. Some neighborhoods just can not accept the fact that community sanctions can be helpful than hurtful. There is also the NIMBY (Not in My Backyard) syndrome where some neighborhoods believe that community sanctions should not be in communities. But as you know, there are always pros and cons of any situation dealing with change. Intermediate sanctions are subject to ridicule. Most communities feel that offenders need to get the help but not in their community. Without the support of legislature and communities, most juvenile offenders have no way of getting the help needed and may be sentenced to prison/jail on the account of bad judgments. While sentenced to an intermediate sanction, a juvenile offender can latch on to other juvenile offende rs with the same problems and cause conflict once released only because the juvenile offender continues to associate with unruly peers. You also have those technical violations that flood the courts and desks of probation officers. According to Byrne, Lurigio, and Baird, ISP?s are suppose to alleviate prison overcrowding and avoid the costs of building and sustaining prisons and prevent the stultifying and stigmatizing effect of imprisonment. Also ISP?s are expected to promote public safety through surveillance strategies, while promoting a sense of responsibility and accountability through probation fees, restitution, and community service activities. Of course this generates issues regarding ISP programs in reducing recidivism, diverting offenders from prison, and ensuring public safety (Latessa). In order for ISP?s to work, the program needs to make drastic changes and/or scrap the programs and start new. Correctional Options: Incapacitation or Community SupervisionCommunity sanctions are very important to have in today?s society but most juveniles spend time in a juvenile prison. Correctional options are classified as community supervision and/or incarceration. One of the main questions being asked is, ?Does these programs reach the goals needed to deter a juvenile from future criminal behavior I do agree that they do. To get a better understanding of what the two programs offer, we need to explain them in detail. Let us begin to explore the terms of incarceration, punishment, deterrence, and incapacitation. With incarceration, a juvenile has no other options but to be detained until released, either through probation/parole or the completion of their sentence. As far as punishment is involved, being incarcerated is the worst punishment and is a simile to incapacitation. Incapacitation is a form of incarceration which may include, but not limited to, the three-strike program and othe r programs. Now with rehabilitation, there is the option of being supervised within the community such as in a halfway home, in home incarceration (home arrest), and community service programs. This is considered a part of community supervision with boot camps being most popular amongst juveniles. The 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), which was conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, interviewed 9,000 youth who were between the ages of 12 and 16 at year-end 1996 and asked whether or not they had engaged in a variety of deviant or delinquent behaviors (OJJDP). These programs are considered to deter a juvenile delinquent from committing future crimes. With cooperation within these programs, there may be a real solution to the punishment of juveniles. Most juveniles feel that being incarcerated is the worst type of punishment a person can have but some juveniles go for an easier option. That option is rehabilitation. With so many programs being offered, there is u sually a never ending amount of support for drug and alcohol abuse and even juvenile sex offenders. Rehabilitation is also a cost saving measure and can decrease the overpopulation in prisons. Sometimes having other options instead of incarceration may deter the juvenile to do better with themselves. But there is a downside to this also. Some juveniles use the rehabilitation option as a way to get off with an easier sentence and use the services to further their progress as far as gaining job opportunities and other resources. With inconsistencies in most programs, a juvenile who really needs the help may not get that opportunity. This causes these programs to have gaps and may boast the statistical percentages. What actually makes incarceration and incapacitation similar is that both offer punishment as a measure to committing crimes. The most controversial is the death penalty. Of course juveniles are put to death unless charged as an adult. In some states, it is consider unconsti tutional and is banned. With being incapacitated, you may be submitted to hard labor (cooking, cleaning, construction, etc) as a form of your sentence. Chain gangs were very popular and have resurfaced in Alabama recently but have not been allowed by juvenile institutions. With being incarcerated for so long, most juveniles will never commit another crime. The harsh laboring and constant overcrowding in prisons persuades more juveniles not to fall back into their old habits. Deterrence is the main goal incarceration, incapacitation, and punishment is trying to achieve. What Really Works!The juvenile justice system will never know what actually works until programs are actually tried. Broad assessments were created to measure criminal behavior among juveniles. These assessments were carefully coined meta-analysis. Researchers study the growing research material to examine and compare the difference amongst groups for comparisons of treatment and control groups. Many juveniles are put in a program that does not meet their background requirements which can increase recidivism. Mark Lipsey (1992) examined 443 studies that focused on interventions or treatments designed to reduce, prevent, or treat delinquency or other antisocial behavior problems similar to juvenile delinquency. Programs seem to work best when they are new, when their subjects are amenable to treatment in the first place, and when the counselors are not only trained people, but ?good people? as well (Ted Palmer and Robert Martinson, 1975). Lipsey also stated that, ?In 64.3 percent of the studies he examined, the treatment group did better (in most cases this finding refers to a reduction in recidivism) than the control group. Considering all treatment program studies combined, 45 percent of those who received treatment were expected to recidivate, in comparison with 50 percent of the nontreated control group. (Treatment Programs)? Overall, Lipsey?s meta-analysis indicated that the more effective p rograms provided larger amounts of meaningful contact and were longer in duration, offered behavioral, skill oriented, and multimodal treatment, or were designed by a researcher or had research as an influential component of the treatment setting. Now it is also important to have a trained staff on hand who at least knows the background of the program or was once an offender themselves who reverted from those ways. It puts the juvenile in a standpoint of wanting to change and influencing others to do the same. Palmer (page 372) believed that the direction of intervention has resulted from skeptics and supporters by: having programs with multiple modalities used; have intensity of contacts increased in most programs; have greater attention paid to offenders? needs and characteristics so that they can be matched with those particular program elements. Mathematics Technology Lesson Plan Essay More than eight in 10 said that providing community-based programs and services including education, job skills, mentoring, mental health treatment, counseling, and community service is an effective way to rehabilitate youth (CCLP poll). Those surveyed were more willing to pay additional taxes for rehabilitation than they are for incarceration (ADJJ research). The average amount in additional annual taxes that respondents are willing to pay for rehabilitation is almost 20% greater than it is for incarceration (ADJJ research). Major changes are going to have to occur and whether taxpayers like it or not, more money will have to be spent in order to secure a positive future. This country?s future depends on our youth population and every effort should be put forth to allow youthful offenders to be rehabilitated (McConnell, 2006). It is possible that intermediate sanctions can alleviate the overcrowding in prisons and offer second chances. It is possible that intermediate sanctions may work for one offender and not another. And it is possible that intermediate sanctions can generate a productive future for offenders. But in order to achieve these, the community needs to accept the offender into their community. Rehabilitation is crucial to the complete process and release of the offender. ConclusionRehabilitation has been around for years and rehabilitating a juvenile has increased. It is possible that the programs administered will also have an increase of juveniles and there will be new programs popping up around the country. We know that juveniles are committing crimes at a lower rate than before but it is up to the community, schools and the families to support them. Without support, they will re-offend and end up in our adult system. We must intervene now for the prevention process of juvenile crime. It is also possible that intermediate sanctions can alleviate the overcrowding in prisons and offer second chances. It is possible that intermediate sanctions may work for one juvenile and not another. And it is possible that intermediate sanctions can generate a productive future for juveniles. But in order to achieve these, the community needs to accept the offender into their community. Rehabilitation is crucial to the complete process and release of the juvenile. What we as adults are beginning to understanding is that the prevention of juvenile crime consists of more family involvement. There should be more parents being assertive in a juvenile?s life than passive. Ask questions when necessary and let the juvenile know that you support then 100 percent. Have boundaries when allowing a juvenile to interact with peers and meet those peers. If possible, make the initiative to meet other parents and socialize in the community for the well-being of your child and other children. Having that family support is often a forefront to prevention of future trends for criminal behavior for juveniles.BibliographySiegal, Larry J., and Senna, Joseph J. Juvenile Delinquency: Theory, Practice, and Law Seventh Edition. Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, Belmont CA, 2000. Pealer, Jennifer and Latessa Edward. Technology Transfer: A Case Study in Implementing the Principles of Effective Cognitive Behavioral Interventions for At-Risk Juveniles. Probation, Parole, and Community Corrections Champion, Dean J 5th EditionThe Goals of Community Corrections Harris, M Kay Byrne, Lurigio Baird, 1989:10 http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0825/is_n2_v62/ai_18534476/pg_3Corrections in the Community Third Edition Latessa, Edward J. Allen, Harry E. Delinquency Cases in Juvenile Courts, 1999, Stahl, Ann L. September 2003Child Delinquency, Flores, J Robert. March 2003Juvenile Justice in America ?Why is it so hard for a juvenile offender to ?go straight 4th edition Bartollas, Clemens and Miller, Stuart J. 2004; Pearson/Princeton Hallhttp://www.ncjrs.gov/App/QA/Detail.aspx?Id=113context=9 Juvenile Justice Recidivism RatesJuvenile Offenders and Victims: 2006 National Report Pg. 63Treatment Programs for Juvenile Delinquents http://www.ojjdp.gov/jjbulletin/9907_3/treat.htmlA Meta-Analysis of Juvenile Justice Risk Assessment Instruments Predictive Validity by GenderCraig S. Schwalbe, http://cjb.sagepub.com/content/35/11/1367.abstractPreventing Future Crime With Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Patrick Clark http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/journals/265/therapy.htm

Social Networking in Business for Technology - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Social Networking in Businessfor Information Technology Answer: Introduction For the recent past, the world seems to be so small, just like a village where people can be able to communicate to each other though not together. It has been, aged this way by the networks which has promoted diverse scope of social human beings. In business too, there has been a rampant change on the perception of business and networking. Companies and organizations have shifted their attention from formal business advertisements to nowadays where social networks are the medium of channeling business informatics and advertisements to and among the people of the globe. However, the drives have come from the need of many companies to extend their markets all over the world (Cocosila and Igonor, 2015). Many firms are trying to have their products in the international markets and therefore a more effective way to do this is seen to be the social networks. This research proposal will be suggesting the advantages and the disadvantages that have been accompanied by the social networks in bossiness Project Objective The project aims to: Explore the merits and demerits of social networking in business. Review the advantages and disadvantages of using social networks in business. Investigating the reason as to why many business organization, firms and companies prefer using social networks in business. Project Scope The project will be conducted in Australia. The project scope will target the business firms and organizations that are there in Australia. For distribution of facts and findings, the scope will be based on the five states of Australia. The researcher will be required to sample out five to ten business organizations from each state. State examples are; New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania and Western Australia. These states will be the area of study. Review of Existing Literature Introduction Before carrying out any study, one has to go through other peoples works on your topic of discussion. It is meant to acknowledge what different scholars had previously said about your topic. The concern for this study is on the merits and demerits of social networking in business. Different sources will be used from the existing literature like journals and articles to justify the claims. Social networks can be defined as the social interaction networks where the personal relationship is included. It has brought people together and created interactions with one another (Farmery, 2013, p.350). People in any other institutions can work as a team and develop each other socially as well as economically and thus promoting the overall economy. Merits of Using Social Networking in Business The use of social media and networking in todays world is the order of business practices. The use of the social networks has prominently contributed to the success of many businesses. Though social networking promotes in communicating with mass population at a time, it also helps in stimulating the overall productivity of the business. According to Many businesses in retail sectors, tourism have benefited from this strategy. People can reach different sales businesses and make orders still at their residential through the social networks. Innovation has been emphasized by the social networking business (Holmes, 2015). Businesses has benefited from social networking through social media websites and social media marketing. This has led to decreased overall costs for purchases pf goods. The spread of information pertaining products has been eased as well. For instance, some online companies like Amazon, Jumia and many more has benefited through this. They will make adds which will notify people all over the world about a new item in the market Social networking creates opportunities to the business firms. According to Wang and Ivanova, (2014), social networking has grown to become a part of human living in business. For this reason, the companies have been able to benefit after merging their business with social networking. Many people spend a lot of time in social media channels like Facebook, the twitter, Instagram, google and mails among others. In Australia, it was proven through research that more than 85% of the individuals have an access to social media devices, apps and programs. This mean that, if a business firm uses the social media, it is likely to meet the highest number of customers. There are very many users who engages themselves in social networking in business per day. In addition, Zimmerman (2015) adds up that Social networking has highly influenced the buying behavior, thought process, education, shopping and relationships of the individual as well as encouraging customers In regards to what of Holmes (2015) says, in the present business world, it is impossible to imagine the business without social networking. Companies have been assisted to boost their earnings and therefore, they are in a position to maximize their opportunities in business. Problems in Social Networking The social networking has not been in a position to replace the existing traditional sales. It has rated to be incomplete, unreliable and is leading to distortion of information before reaching the target audience and therefore, it is leading to loss of image and reputation of the businesses. Social networking has some advantages like on the promotion and sales in business but with no good control, it leads to a significant loss to the business (Omar, 2014, p. 193). The legal basis on the social networking possess large costs for the businesses. In social networking, there is no guarantee of the business marketing if the company is unable to meet the expected standard of law and networking costs. Queensland Government (2017), attests to that, though there are some ups and downs, money and time may be wasted without any returns. The users can as well post very negative reviews and comments for the business and its products and therefore posing danger to the business. Some copyrights issues may arise and therefore your business product ideas plagiarized and improved leading to frustrations. However, amidst all these disadvantages, innovation, creativity and uniqueness should be held to very high positions for a business to do good in inline marketing. Research Question/Hypothesis Primary Question What are the merits and demerit of applying diverse social networking? Secondary Question What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the social networks in business? What are the reasons for many business organization, firms and companies to prefer using social networks in business? Research Design and Methodology Qualitative Design of the Research Reliability and Validity This entails consistency of the research elements. There will have to be a chronology and sustainability of the selected methods of research. The selected design for the research is the survey and questionnaires. Validity will call for examining the relevance of the selected designs and approaches of this research in relation to the research hypothesis and the questions together with the research aims and objectives in respect to the topic of the project research (Menezes and Devi, 2014, p.382). The data is prospected to be authentic and trustworthy. Sampling and Sample Size and Sampling Procedure Sampling will be carried out through random sampling. Each of the sample I the population has been given equal chances to participate in this research. The samples will be obtained from the Australian States. The researcher will have to identify the business firms in Australia. Among the suggested ones of this research are service industries, where 20 banks will be identified at random and the marketing department managers are the ones who are prospected to respond to the questionnaires design for this research. There is also going to have 20 production and 30 processing industries all in Australian states (Bahn and Weatherill, 2013, p. 30). The communication and marketing managers will be asked to provide the information following the business and company agreements. Five (5) online market website administrators at different capacities will be taken as samples. Finally, 50 individuals who have had encounter and knowledge in online and social marketing will be selected by purposively for the study. The total sample will therefore be 125 samples. Data Collection Method The data will be collected through the use of open and closed ended questionnaires. The items for the research will be classified in these categories so as the open headed questionnaires can help the respondents to shed their full idea without limitations posed on closed ended questions. The closed ended questionnaires will require minimal time for the research in the field. Data will also be collected by use of survey method. The researcher will survey the business environment in the context of the topic and provide the observed information for the qualitative analysis. Variability will be measured by standard deviation and the variance from the data collected. Quantitative Research Sampling, Sample Size and Procedures The quantitative research design uses quantifiable data which is analyzed as presented numerically. Sampling will be carried out by purposive sampling for this design. This is because the study in this part will require that only the people with the right information will be required. The sample presented will be the same as the one confirmed for the qualitative research. Interviewing and Questioner Design The interviews will be conducted in collection of data. The researcher will be required to draft interview questions. The questions need to be open ended as well as closed ended. Closed ended interview questions needs the interviewee to respond by short answers. The open questions require the respondent to speak much, illustrate and clarify all points that they feel to express through the research. The questionnaire will be designed to have items which will be closed ended and some will be open ended for the respondent (Bryman and Bell, 2015, p.73). The questionnaire is prospected to have an average of 25 questions, 15 closed ended questions and 10 open ended questions. Quantitative Data Analysis Process The research data will have to be numerical to be analyzed by quantitative design. The statistical methods will be used in the analysis. The Statistical Package for the social sciences will e applied to analyze this data as the tool for analysis. After the data is analyzed, it will be presented and described to test the variability and relationship between the variables. Research Limitation For each system, it is hard to have 100% efficiency. The research project is expected to have some limitations. One of them is that, the research will have a wide scope and therefore, the issue of advantages and disadvantages of social network in business may be overgeneralized. Another one is that the business firms that the research will be conducted to may be unwilling to give the correct information, especially the business firms that do not have a very smart past experience with social media in their business. The third limitation is that the research may be influenced by the researcher bias and therefore fail to prove and demonstrate. Time Schedule WEEKS ACTIVITY ACTIVITIES ALLOCATED PER WEEK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Introduction: Gathering information about the topic And the scope. Reading the existing literature Drafting and preparing the research tools Carrying out of the Field Research Data Analysis and Interpretation Writing down the final research draft Proofreading, cross checking and submission Conclusion In conclusion, there are some advantages and some of disadvantages of using social media in business. However, a firm that neglects social media can hardly penetrate through the current market competition. The businessmen should as well equip themselves with all possible means and strategies that can help them cope with social networks in their business. The world is changing, globalization is taking its part, social media and social networking is taking its course in the market and disqualifying the analogue systems of business approaches (Bala, Labont-LeMoyne, and Lger, 2017, p.95). This will be the aim of this research. To evaluate the merits and demerits of the same. Reference List Cocosila, M., and Igonor, A. 2015. How important is the social in social networking? A perceived value empirical investigation. Information Technology People, 28(2), 366-382. Wang, Y. and Ivanova, A., 2014. Social Media Strategy in the Chinese Market: Weibo Platform Case Study. Zimmerman, J. and Ng, D., 2015. Social media marketing all-in-one for dummies. John Wiley Sons. Chandon, P., Wansink, B. and Laurent, G., 2000. A benefit congruency framework of sales promotion effectiveness. Journal of marketing, 64(4), pp.65-81. Farmery, A., 2013. The Transformative Effect of Social Media: Revolutionizing Business Models. Organizations and Social Networking: Utilizing Social Media to Engage Consumers: Utilizing Social Media to Engage Consumers, p.350. Holmes, R. (2015). Why Businesses Cant Survive Without Social Media. Fortune Why Businesses Cant Survive Without Social Media Comments. Np, 17. Omar, J., 2014. Factors Influencing Social Media Marketing In Different Culture Context (Master's thesis, Universitetet i Agder; University of Agder). Menezes, C. and Devi, R., 2014. Social Media Analytics as an Emerging Tool for Behavior informatics, HR Analytics Business Process. The IASMS Journal of Business Spectrum. Smith, W R Vardiabasis, D 2010, Using social media as a competitive advantage: the case of small businesses, Problems and Perspectives in Management. Bahn, S. and Weatherill, P., 2013. Qualitative social research: a risky business when it comes to collecting sensitivedata. Qualitative Research, 13(1), pp.19-35. Bala, H., Labont-LeMoyne, E. and Lger, P.M., 2017. Neural Correlates of Technological Ambivalence: A Research Proposal. In Information Systems and Neuroscience (pp. 83-89). Springer International Publishing. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015. Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA.

Why Study World Religions Essay Example

Why Study World Religions Paper PHL230 Religions of the World I think that it is important to study world religions because it can help people to become more tolerant of other’s beliefs and more compassionate to other people’s causes. With so much war and misunderstanding in the world based on religious viewpoints, it is important to take the time to find out where and why people believe the way that they do. While I find that most people in the world follow a religion based on their geographical location, this is not the case in the United States. Because the US is a country where people from all over the world can come to live it is a place where many different religions are practiced. It is important, especially for people in this country, to study world religions in order to know how to relate to others who live here. Religion has an influence on many aspects of life from politics, education, and the arts. It is important that we study all religions so we get a better understanding of how and why it influences these things. I think the greatest reason to study world religions is for appreciation. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Study World Religions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why Study World Religions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why Study World Religions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I think that studying these religions I have gained a better understanding of people in other areas of the world. I also find that I see many similarities, as well as some differences, in religious ideas and rituals. I think that how we started our studies in this class, with indigenous religions we learned the basics of beliefs and where they originated. I think that because the essence of animism’s â€Å"everything is alive† theory we start to see how people first connected with God and nature. I think that most religions believe that God, or whatever they call him in that religion, is everywhere, that His hand was in the creation of all living things and that there is a purpose for everything. I also find it interesting that although most indigenous people never came into contact with anyone else, and lived in different regions of the world, many of the beliefs are similar. I understand more now how indigenous people could believe that violent weather can be perceived as a wrath from a god because of mistreatment of nature. I think that this is something that can be thought of in today’s world because of global warming. We have mistreated the land for so long and it seems to be taking revenge on us with various weather patterns. Even though in today’s world we see this as just an environmental thing, indigenous religions would see it as a god’s wrath because of the poor treatment of the land. I enjoyed learning about Hinduism and the aspects of karma and samsara I found to be the most interesting parts of the Hindu faith. I think because of the Hindu belief in these things they work towards living a more moral and respectful existence. Karma is the notion of moral consequences that are carried along with every act. (Molloy 87) Samsara is the wheel of life. It is a circle of constant rebirth, suggesting that the world is full of change. (Molloy 87) Because the Hindu believes that the things they do in life have consequences in their reincarnation it makes them try to live better so that their next life may be in a higher position. I find it interesting that in this religion what happens to the person in their next life is up to that individual himself, and it is up to that person to find their own path to their enlightenment. Hinduism is said to be a religion of one truth and may paths. This is something I also found to be different because in my religion of Christianity what happens to you after death is based only upon your belief in Jesus being your savior. The other religion I feel I became more knowledgeable about because of the studies in this class is Buddhism. I had no previous knowledge about this religion other than it existed. The most important concept I feel that I learned from Buddhism is part of the three marks of reality. These are made up of, change, no permanent identity and suffering. In no permanent identity each person and each thing is changing and made up of parts that are also constantly changing. It means that people have no permanent soul or no self. (Molloy133). In suffering it is the fact of life that when life is lived conventionally it can never be fully satisfying because of change. (Molloy pg 134) The mark of reality I found the most interesting is change. The concept of change in Buddhism has us look at life as it really is. Things change gradually and we notice the changes over time. We don’t expect change but nothing ever remains the same. Molloy132) When I learned this I looked over my life and have to admit, that much has changed over time. No matter how we try and keep things the same it is impossible. Children grow up, our body ages, our relationships change. Even things in the world things are constantly changing, landscapes change naturally from things like the tide or erosion, and seasons come and go. In Buddhism the belief is that we are responsible for accepting this and not trying to change the outside world but we need to change ourselves and the way we experience the world. Molloy 134) In studying the world religions I learned that there are similarities; they all seem to have a similar moral code. The basic concept of all religions is to treat everyone with kindness. Ahimsa, â€Å"do no harm†, is a fundamental practice found in religions like Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism. This is similar to the â€Å"do unto others† concept in Christianity. People should be kind to people as they want people to treat them kindly. I feel that prayer or meditation relate in a way to each other in different religions. Meditation in religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism are a way people can achieve inner peace and improve themselves as human beings. I find that prayer also can bring peace to a person. Prayer in religions like Christianity and Judaism is the way people speak and become closer to God. So in both prayer and meditation people improve themselves and achieve an inner peace. One difference that I learned in the course would be the concepts of time as they relate to religions. Religions such as animism, Hinduism and Buddhism have a cyclical view of time. This means there is no beginning or end but everything goes in a cycle. In Hinduism this is seen in the concept of samsara you are born, live, and are reincarnated so time is always going in a circle of life. In a religion like Christianity, there is a beginning and an end to time. The belief is that one day Jesus will return and then the end of the world where non believers will be sent to hell and the believers will ascend to heaven will happen. Another difference I learned about is in the amount of gods there are or the lack of any god in some religions. In Christianity, Judaism and Islam there is one God and God alone is worshipped. In a religion like Hinduism there are several deities that are worshipped. In Hinduism there is the Brahma, god of the universe, creation. Vishnu is the god of preservation in the universe. Shiva is the god associated to destruction. There are also several other gods in Hinduism like Devi, Durga, Kali, Krishna, and Vishnu. A religion like Daoism has no definite god only a belief of the Dao which is nameless and everything is a manifestation of the Dao. (Molloy 221) I would say that by studying world religions I did come away with many things I had not thought of or knew of before. I think it was beneficial for me because it gave me a better understanding of how people in different regions of the world think. Religion has an effect on many aspects of a person’s thinking. I think because of this, myself being a psychology major, the study of world religions has been very beneficial for me. I will know how to better relate to people of other cultures and schools of thought better because of my study. Works Cited: Molloy, Michael. Experiencing the Worlds Religions, Tradition, Challenge, and Change 5th Edition. New York, NY: McGraw Hill, 2010.

Free Essays on The Ilad

Plot (Synopsis): In the tenth year of the war between the Greeks and the Trojans, Chryses, a priest of Apollo, comes to the Greek camp to ask for the return of his daughter Chryseis. She had been captured during a raid and given as a prize to Agamemnon. When Agamemnon refuses to return the girl, Chryses begs Apollo to punish the Greeks. The result is that a plague is sent upon them. A few days later, Achilles, the greatest of the Greek warriors, calls an assembly of the Greek forces to discuss how they can bring the plague to an end. The prophet Calchas explains why Apollo is angry with the Greeks and proposes that Agamemnon give up Chryseis. Agamemnon agrees to let the girl if Briseis, the prize of Achilles, is given to him. Achilles protests the loss of Briseis, but Agamemnon sends his men to take her away. Achilles is furious at this insult inflicted on him by Agamemnon and refuses to take any further part in the fighting. He also asks his mother, Thetis, to persuade Zeus to humble Agamemnon and t he Greeks. Since Zeus favors Thetis, he agrees to honor her request. On the next day, Agamemnon marshals the Greek forces, excluding Achilles and his men, and attacks the Trojans. The Greeks succeed in their efforts due to the brilliant fighting of Diomedes. On the second day of battle, the gods, following Zeus' orders, begin to help the Trojans, and the Greeks are driven back by the Trojans. At the end of the day, the Trojans do not even return to Troy for protection; instead, they are so confident of their abilities that they camp on the plain, ready for an onslaught on the Greek camp the next day. Worrying about the Greek losses of the day, Agamemnon realizes how greatly his army depends upon the prowess of Achilles. As a result, he sends an embassy to the Greek hero to admit that he was wrong and offering to restore Briseis and give Achilles many other gifts if he would rejoin the fighting. The proud Achilles refuses the offer. To... Free Essays on The Ilad Free Essays on The Ilad Plot (Synopsis): In the tenth year of the war between the Greeks and the Trojans, Chryses, a priest of Apollo, comes to the Greek camp to ask for the return of his daughter Chryseis. She had been captured during a raid and given as a prize to Agamemnon. When Agamemnon refuses to return the girl, Chryses begs Apollo to punish the Greeks. The result is that a plague is sent upon them. A few days later, Achilles, the greatest of the Greek warriors, calls an assembly of the Greek forces to discuss how they can bring the plague to an end. The prophet Calchas explains why Apollo is angry with the Greeks and proposes that Agamemnon give up Chryseis. Agamemnon agrees to let the girl if Briseis, the prize of Achilles, is given to him. Achilles protests the loss of Briseis, but Agamemnon sends his men to take her away. Achilles is furious at this insult inflicted on him by Agamemnon and refuses to take any further part in the fighting. He also asks his mother, Thetis, to persuade Zeus to humble Agamemnon and t he Greeks. Since Zeus favors Thetis, he agrees to honor her request. On the next day, Agamemnon marshals the Greek forces, excluding Achilles and his men, and attacks the Trojans. The Greeks succeed in their efforts due to the brilliant fighting of Diomedes. On the second day of battle, the gods, following Zeus' orders, begin to help the Trojans, and the Greeks are driven back by the Trojans. At the end of the day, the Trojans do not even return to Troy for protection; instead, they are so confident of their abilities that they camp on the plain, ready for an onslaught on the Greek camp the next day. Worrying about the Greek losses of the day, Agamemnon realizes how greatly his army depends upon the prowess of Achilles. As a result, he sends an embassy to the Greek hero to admit that he was wrong and offering to restore Briseis and give Achilles many other gifts if he would rejoin the fighting. The proud Achilles refuses the offer. To...

Self-assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Self-assessment - Essay Example It also determines individuals about their strengths and limitations in specific areas. It acts as a reflective evaluation for one, which is beneficial in recognition and making respective changes accordingly. 1a. Through the questioner of procrastinator and deliberate decision- maker, I came across with the knowledge that I have a blended style of decision making and I have emotional stability and conscientiousness. I do not rush myself especially in rational decisions. Although, I do rush in personal matters like eating, walking and reaching on time, but I take time for decisions so I can assess the pros and cons of it. Thus, with the help of rational model I can change my habit of occasional rash decision making as well. Delaying or postponing tasks on hand increases work stress and hence, one regrets on the wasted time which cannot be turned back. I found that I tend to put tasks in pending and realize about the delay as well, but none practical approach was adopted by me to change the habit of postponing. Through the score of 28, I came to realize that this habit can prevail and can become a reason of regret for me in future. Therefore, I intend to change this habit of delaying tasks and put it on the top of my new-year resolution list .However, it sometimes helps me in making clear decisions after analysing all the aspects. The score of my emotional intelligence discovered that I might perform better in jobs of sale and management, where targets are achieved through interpersonal skills and working in team describes one’s ability to manage work and differences effectively. Though, EI is genetically coded, but flexibility to accept differences can make one more comfortable with others either at work or in personal life. 1b. The reward determining grid indicated that I am motivated through material rewards and would prefer to work in non challenging environments. It

Bussiness Plan II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Bussiness Plan II - Essay Example eeds and demands of the clients, as opposed to general training, which is being offered by different organizations through seminars and other group programs. To ensure that it achieves its objective of providing a unique product, the company will divide its market into different segments in terms of age and geographical characteristics. The company recognizes the strength it has as it joins the market such as the experience of the founders, but it also recognizes the fact that it will face stiff competition from providers of the same service. In addition, lack of enough funds may make the company not to compete favorably with others due to lack of advertising and other promotional activities. At start-up, the company will operate from the premises of the founders so as to minimize the operation costs. Further, the company intends to break –even within the first two years of its operation. Once the company breaks-even and the sales thereof increase to a considerable level, the company will employ a number of growth strategies. These include online sales, acquisitions, decreasing operating costs, market research and reaching out to new client base among others. In cases of stiff competition, the company’s contingency plan includes sourcing of funds to be used for intense advertisement and building of co mpetitive advantage. The general core business of the company is to provide and present information for the postmodern youth worker by providing workshops, speaking engagements, consulting and seminars to disseminate relevant information pertaining to all kinds of issues of Christian adolescents and teens. This marketing plan aims at providing the business clientele with high quality services. A tailor made program will be organized for all customers with a view of meeting the diverse demands of different youth groups in the community. Presently, there are many youth workers, who are highly motivated and passionate with their work, who have been working with

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Assignment Example The addition of these two variables would then be divided by the original price the investor paid for the stock or lot of stocks. This calculation would give the gross return. The net return is calculated by subtracting the tax expenses associated with the investment from the numerator of the formula. It is important for investors to periodically calculate the return they would achieve if they sold a stock at a particular point in time. This can help investors determine when it is the best moment to sell their stock investment. 2. Contrast systematic and unsystematic risk. There are two types of risks that investors must pay close attention to. The two types of risks are systematic and unsystematic risk. Systematic risk is a risk factor that cannot be control by the investor or the firm due to the fact that it is a market inherent risk. These risk factors affect all firms. Some examples of systematic risks include recessions, wars, inflation, and the occurrence of natural events. In the aftermath of the March 11, 2011 earthquake in Japan the valuation of most Japanese stocks when down a lot. This risk could not have been predicted by an investor. Unsystematic risk is also referred to as firm specific risk or diversifiable risk. Unsystematic risks are risks that can be controlled by the firm. Some examples of these risks include employee strikes, lawsuits, unsuccessful product launches, and the quality of the labor force hired by the firm. A way to offset the effects of unsystematic risks is through diversification. A smart investor is able to reduce the unsystematic risk of their portfolio by purchasing a wide array of investments including blue chip stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. Within the stocks selected by the investor they choose common stocks from firms from different industries. Both systematic and unsystematic risk must be considered by people that are contemplating investing in the stock market. 3. Explain why the total risk of a portfolio is not sim ply equal to the weighted average of the risks of the securities in the portfolio. Many people think because the expected return on a portfolio is calculated as the weighted average of the expected returns of individual stocks that the risk of a portfolio is calculated in the same. Well all those people that thought that way are wrong. Generally speaking the portfolio risk is usually smaller than the weighted average. This occurs because on many instances the risk of different stocks offset each other. A way to measure how the risk of the different stocks of a portfolio is affected is by using the correlation coefficient. The correlation coefficient measures the degree of relationship between two variables. It is possible for a portfolio of two stocks that both have risks to formulate a riskless portfolio if the risks of the two stocks cancel each other out. This can occur because the returns of each stock move in opposite directions. 4. State what beta measures and its uses. The be ta coefficient measures a stock’s sensitivity to fluctuations in the stock market. The normal beta is 1.0. A 1.0 beta implies that the common stock has the same risk as the market. When a company has a beta below 1.0 the common stock of the firm is not affected too much by the market risk. Stocks that have betas above 1.0 are very sensitive to fluctuations in the stock market. A stock that has a beta coefficient of 2.0 implies that the firm is twice as volatile or risky as

Patient Care Plan Analysis: Suicide Attempt Case Study

Patient Care Plan Analysis: Suicide Attempt Case Study The purpose of this essay is to explore the effectiveness of the care delivered to Mike during clinical placement. In order to achieve this, the essay will demonstrate development of therapeutic relationships through the use of appropriate communication and interpersonal skills will be demonstrated in this essay the essay will look at the formulation and documentation plan of care of mike including his family or carers within a framework of informed consent. The essay will also evaluate and document the outcomes of nursing and other interventions. Finally, the essay will discuss the opportunities utilised and created to promote the health and well-being of patients, clients and groups. For confidentiality reasons, names and places used in this essay are changed in compliance with Nursing and Midwifery Council Code of Conduct (NMC, 2010). Mike, a 54 year old widower was taking to the accident and emergency (AE) department when found in a semi-conscious state after taking an overdose of his prescribed pain killers. Mike’s neighbours alerted the police when they realised his curtains had not been drawn and reported he had not been attending the local social club for a couple of weeks. Mike collapsed on his bed with an empty packet of tablets beside him and a suicide note addressed to his son Duke who lives in Greece. Mike appeared to have been neglecting himself, lost weight and there were signs he had made superficial cuts to his wrist. Mike was also suffering from chronic lung condition due to excessive smoking. Following an assessment Mike was diagnosed of depression and was detained under section 2 of the Mental Health Act (MHA) since he refused to be admitted voluntarily. Hospital environment can be very stressful for clients when they first arrive at the ward. Nurses need to engage positively with clients to develop therapeutic relationship. Barker (2009) argues that, therapeutic relationship empower clients to learn, or cope more effectively with their environment. The nurse began a therapeutic relationship with Mike by initially introducing himself to Mike and addressed Mike by his preferred name. Mike was listened to without any immediate advice or diminishing his feelings. NMC (2010) recommends that, patients must be treated as individuals and respect their dignity. Mike had daily 1-1 nursing time with staff and through this Mike’s goals and wishes were identified which was incorporated into his care plan. DOH (2006) declares that, one to one session are therapeutic, they enable the patient to engage well with staff as empowering them to express their feelings and thoughts. In other to deliver effective care to mike to promote his recovery, person-centred care plan was devised. NICE (2009) recommends that, treatment and care should take into account patients’ needs and preferences. It also suggests, people with depression should have the opportunity to make informed decisions about their care and treatment, in partnership with their practitioners. Since Mike had severe and complex mental and physical health needs, different health professionals’ i.e. psychiatrists, psychologists, GP, nurses, social workers, occupational Therapist and other community care providers were involved in his care. DOH (2004) ten essential shared capabilities recommends that professionals, patients, families, carers should work in partnership to provide quality care. Consent was sought from Mike if he wanted his son Duke to be involved in his care. Gaining consent is a legal aspect of mental health nursing and it shows that patients are treated with respect (Diamo nd, 2008). Mike and Duke were fully involved in every aspect of the plan of care for Mike. CPA (2008) recommends, patients, families; carers should be involved in making decision about their care plans. The author and other team members provided Mike with vital info to promote Mike’s choice and to enable Mike to make informed decisions. The MDT reviewed Mike’s mental and physical health regularly and any significant changes in Mike’s health were amended on his care plan to make sure Mike’s needs were still being met. Meeting service users other needs improves their quality of life and provides good well-being, No Health without Mental Health (2011) Due to the nature of Mike’s illness and presentation, Mike was initially nursed within eyesight observation which was later reviewed to general observation (NICE, 2005). Mike also had lots of supports, reassurance and prompts to enable him attend to his personal care since he appeared unkempt. Mike losing his wife and the chronic lung condition may have impacted on his mood. Also it is possible that Mike had limited social support network and felt vulnerable, which can add to low mood. Therefore team’s occupational therapists regularly engaged Mike in therapeutic activities both on and off the ward to lift Mike’s mood up and also to promote his independence. New Horizons (2011) suggests, occupational activities are therapeutic and they help patients to engage with staff and other patients in the ward and builds self-worth and confidence towards discharge. Mike was also provided with bereavement support. NHS (2012) recommends bereavement support to carers, familie s and patients if they lose a dear one as it has impact on their mental health and well-being. Mike was made known of options of treatment available to him (NICE, 2009). Apart from being treated with antidepressant medication, Mike also had lots of inputs from the team psychologist to help promote Mike’s recovery. NICE (2009) recommends that, people with moderate or severe depression should be provided with a combination of antidepressant medication and a high-intensity psychological intervention i.e. cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or individual personal therapy (IPT). Papageorgiou, C. et al. (2011) affirms that, one of the most widely known types of psychological therapy for depression is CBT, which combines both cognitive and behavioural techniques into an integrated whole. The MDT and the ward staff carried out initiatives that raised awareness and promoted healthier lifestyles choices and patients awareness of health, and also reduced the risk of experiencing illness. Wrycraft (2009) argues that, mental health promotion is an activity healthcare professionals carryout as part of their everyday practice in their roles and do not realise they are engaging in such activity. However at other times they actively seek information about health promotion activities. The nurse did provide Mike with information in the form of leaflets about his condition and range of information on smoking cessation and different methods involved. Staff facilitated these health promotions by strengthening the patients on the ward, they increased emotional resilience through communicating and negotiation with the patients to promote self-esteem, life and coping skills. This plan of care should be reviewed by the MDT depending on the progress of Mike health.

Living on Okinawa :: essays research papers

Living on Okinawa Customs and Beliefs of the Locals Living on Okinawa can be a great experience, you just have to get out and learn about the practices and customs. Okinawa, the principle island of the Okinawa Prefectures is referred to as the, â€Å"Keystone of the Pacific†. The climate compares to the Unites States southeastern coastal areas. The name Okinawa means, â€Å"Rope in the sea†. It is a fairly good description of this long stretch of islands between mainland Japan and Taiwan. Okinawa consists of forty-one inhabited islands. Okinawa is also a major tourist destination. Okinawa’s customs and environment are beautiful and appealing to all. Okinawan’s are benevolent and genuinely peaceful people. The society and customs have survived thousands of years. One of the most prominent custom or Okinawa is bowing. Bowing is an Okinawan greeting, having the same meaning as shaking hands in America. It shows respect; the deeper the bow the more the respect. One would not bow to a shopkeeper when making a purchase. Another sign of respect is how you address Okinawans. When addressing an Okinawan, custom dictates using his or her last name and the suffix â€Å"san†. So if you have someone with the name Sakura Uchima; she would be called Uchima-san. This goes for both male and female. Okinawan’s customs deal with matters of respect and courtesy. First, you must show respect for the elderly. They believe that the older generations have an exhausted place in the Okinawan society. Second, you should never walk into an Okinawan home, shrines, or temples wearing shoes. You also do not tip at off base restaurants, hotels, or bars; when you are on base you do as Americans do â€Å"tip†. One of the most delightful Okinawan custom is gift giving. Okinawan’s exchange presents between friends and neighbors on seasonal occasions, journeys, moves, and at the beginning of the New Year. When receiving gifts, it is customary to give one in return. If you give a gift to an Okinawan, he or she will feel obligated to give in return. Okinawan’s also celebrate the life’s of their ancestors. They take a week off and all local businesses are closed that week. It is celebrated the thirteenth trough the sixteenth of August. This holiday is called Obon. At this time, they visit the graves of the ancestors welcoming the spirits home. A makeshift alter is prepared at the home of the eldest son; that is where they communicate with their ancestors.

Alexander Hamilton: Memoirs and Contributions

If one must remember Alexander Hamilton, it must be for his ideals on man’s natural rights and parity. It is not however a question of nationalism but that of universalism. One could misinterpret his unique ideas on democracy yet what truly is the essence of his views could be known from his early writings. His conviction as a youth against colonialism and advocacy on democratic principles were known to him in his speeches. His first political writing was entitled the Vindication which he wrote when he was below eighteen years of age, was full of assertions against the parliament for instance he said:No reason can be advanced why one man should exercise any power or pre-eminence over his fellow creatures more than another, unless they have voluntarily vested him with it. (Cited in Morse, 1890) Also, in his arguments against the Tory opponents he uttered in reference to his human rights advocacies: The fundamental source of your errors, sophisms and false reasoning is a total i gnorance of the natural rights of mankind. (Ibid) Hamilton argued that blacks' natural faculties were as good as those of free whites.In lieu of his support for equality and argument against slavery, Hamilton attacked his political opponents as demanding freedom for themselves and refusing to allow it to blacks. He was also a member of the committee of the society banning the export of slaves from New York in the form of a bill through the New York Legislature. Who really is this man whose face graces the ten US dollar bill and a lot of monuments and historical museums? Alexander Hamilton was born on January 11, 1755 in Charlestown, Nevis and died on July 12, 1804.His contributions to the society are mainly political yet far-ranging. Indeed every aspect of our political life could have traces of or are related with Hamilton’s lessons. For example, his Federalist papers have been significant for the interpretations of United States Constitution. The first policies and policy d irections during the formative years of the government were also highly influenced by Hamilton being the Secretary of Treasury under George Washington’s administration. His ideal government is one where there is a strong central government.In line with his support to Federalism he said: A government ought to contain in itself every power requisite to the full accomplishment of the objects committed to its care†¦free from every other control but a regard to the public good and to the sense of the people. (Cited in Magstadt, 2006) In his view, an expeditious democracy is necessary to guard against any excess of checks and balances that might impede or impair the government’s ability to act energetically when circumstances dictate.Hence, the US Constitution created a strong executive capable of conducting the nation’s foreign affairs, vetoing legislations and appointments of judges. He admired the British system in terms of financial and trade networks and opp osed what he viewed as the excesses of French revolution. His contribution to the political party formation is also evident in the founding of his Federalist Party. This is the first American political party which was opposed by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party.His service as assemblyman of New York County in the New York State Legislature started in 1787. His participation in the Constitutional Convention was limited because of another faction opposing his strong government concept. He made an interesting speech during that time which said that the ideal form of government had represented all the interest groups, but maintained a hereditary monarch to decide policy. To him, the country should imitate this form of government and proposed to have a President and elected Senators for life, with possibility of removal for corruption or abuse.He also discussed abolition of autonomous state governments. He has remained loyal to the constitution desp ite some of his reservations against it and worked very hard for its national ratification. Hamilton’s concern for the country extends up to his economic agenda. His active role in the development of US economy is revealed through his efforts as Secretary of the Treasury. His five reports which boosted Financial Revolution in the US economy are as follows: (1. ) First Report on the Public Credit: Communicated to the House of Representatives, January 14, 1790 (2.) Operations of the Act Laying Duties on Imports: Communicated to the House of Representatives, April 23, 1790 (3. ) Second Report on Public Credit: Report on a National Bank Communicated to the House of Representatives, December 14, 1790 (4. ) Report on the Establishment of a Mint: Communicated to the House of Representatives, January 28, 1791 and (5. ) Report on Manufactures: Communicated to the House of Representatives, December 5, 1791. Hamilton helped create the first National Bank, the United States Mint, also wh at is known now as the United States Coast Guard and the sophisticated system of tariffs and import duties.The Hamiltonian program turned the chaotic financial system of the confederation era into a modern mechanism providing financial stability to the new government giving the investors confidence. Alexander Hamilton is considered the â€Å"patron-saint† of the American School of economic philosophy as he dominated economic policy after 1861. Hamilton opposed the British ideas of free trade which he believed skewed benefits to colonial/imperial powers, in favor of U. S. protectionism which he believed would help develop the fledgling nation's emerging economy. In 1801, Hamilton founded the New-York Evening Post.We now know him therefore as a man with many careers; a writer, politician, economist, was formerly an Army officer, lawyer, Founding Father, leading statesman, financier and political theorist. How did all these professions and colorful life ended? Before that, it mu st be noted that Alexander Hamilton had on December 14, 1780, married Elizabeth Schuyler, daughter of General Philip Schuyler. Although his married life was marred with a lot of controversies of infidelity, Elizabeth remained loyal to him and in the preservation of his dignified political career.His death was nearing soon after the gubernatorial election in New York—in which Morgan Lewis, greatly assisted by Hamilton, and defeated Aaron Burr. His confrontations with Burr and attacks on his defeat had caused an arrangement for a duel on July 11, 1804, along the west bank of the Hudson River. Vice President Aaron Burr shot Hamilton, the latter died. Such was the end of a beautiful life for Alexander Hamilton. This paper briefly shared the life and career of Alexander Hamilton. It is not without doubt that the environment in which he had chosen to exist has equally given him fame and struggles.As a description of his reputation, he is indeed worthy of admiration along with his l imitations and weaknesses. No one could object to his influence over our past and current political system. Alexander Hamilton is one personality, who has given us exemplary conceptualizations on democracy, government institutions, economic trade and finance, and equality and human rights. The memoirs of Alexander Hamilton ergo are dominated by reflections on his socio-political and economic contributions.Works Cited Magstadt, Thomas. Understanding Politics, Ideas, Institutions and Issues, 7th Edition. Wadsworth: California, 2006 Morse, Anderson. â€Å"Alexander Hamilton. † Political Science Quarterly Vol. 5 No. 1. (March, 1890): 1-23. Robert E. Wright. One Nation Under Debt: Hamilton, Jefferson, and the History of What We Owe. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008. Samuel Eliot Morison and Henry Steele Commager. Growth of the American Republic. New York:Oxford University Press, 1969. www. wikipedia. com .

Women in Early Roman Society essays

Women in Early Roman Society essays In early Roman society, women were opposed by men. Every decision that was made for women, even who they marry with, was chosen by men. Men had control over women in every aspect of life. Although under all the circumstances that women were living with, they were still trying to keep their families as their first priority. The only way that women could be noticed is through what they provided for their families. Women did not exist alone; they existed only with their relations to other men. In order for women to have an impact on roman society, they had to go through extreme measures in their relationships in order to be well recognized. Each one had to prove one aspect of their duty as a woman, in order to establish and have her position be at a stronghold. There were certain expectations from each woman as a wife and as a mother; the more the woman provided her duty, the more noticeable she became. From this we can realize that most women that wanted recognition needed to give up their lives, in order for them to finally reach the point of speaking for themselves. There are many examples that can be given, the ones that mark the importance of family bonds and sacrifices that women represented in order to make their voices heard. The perfect wife for roman men is charming in speech, yet pleasant and proper in manner. (Shelton, 44) As mentioned before, woman in early Roman society does not have identity by herself. Their identity is defined by the name of their husbands or their fathers. Since they only exist under the name of the family, their duties are related with their families too. Their first duty is to give birth and manage a household. (288), these are the obligations that permitted them to become mothers and wives. Then as a good mother and wife, they are to master their duties that are in the interest of the family. Women are to devote themselves toward the improvement of the family, w...

Stifel And Roberval Essays - Mathematics, Number Theorists

Stifel And Roberval Essays - Mathematics, Number Theorists Stifel And Roberval Michael Stifel Michael Stifel was a German mathematician who lived in the late fifteenth century and early to mid-sixteenth century. He was born in 1487, in Esslingen, Germany. The exact date of his birth is unknown. Stifel died on April 19, 1567, in Jena, Germany. His father was Conrad Stifel, a well-respected member of the community. When Michael was young his family did not have much money. Not much is known about Stifel's life until the time he attended the University of Wittenberg, in Germany. After he graduated, Stifel was awarded an M.A. from the university. Then Stifel began his life with the church. He entered the Augustinian monastery and became a catholic priest in 1511. Soon after this, Stifel began questioning the Catholic Church. He did like the idea of taking money from poor people. As a result of this, Stifel was forced to leave the monastery in 1522. Now he decided to go to Wittnenberg and become a Lutheran. During this time, Stifel became friends with Martin Luther himself, and lived in his house for a time. In 1523, Martin Luther made Stifel a pastor, but because of anti-Lutheran feelings Stifel was forced to leave this job. Then in 1528, Martin Luther decided to give Stifel a parish in Lochau, which is now Annaberg. This where Stifel's story gets wacky. While in Lochau, Stifel decided to announce to everyone that the world was going to end on October 19, 1533 at exactly 8:00 AM. It seems that Stifel performed a series of calculations in which he changed the letters to their successive triangular numbers. However, how these calculations proved that the world was coming to end is beyond my comprehension of mathematics. Stifel told the people of Lochau of his findings on New Year's Eve of 1522. This announcement had amazing repercussions. The sleepy town of Lochau believed Stifel. They all began living for the day and not worrying about what the future would bring. They did not bother to plant crops or store what food they had. Lochau also became a destination for pilgrims. Once they got to Lochau people began to prepare for the end of the world. Some people even took their own life instead of waiting. Some of the town's people burned their houses in an attempt to remove themselves from material objects and make it easier for to get to Heaven. Lochau had only two bars, and in the time between Stifel's announcement and the end it was said that they were never empty. The owner's gave away free drinks. The owners' of the town's inns also let people stay there for free. While all of this was happening, Lochau's historian took all the money from the treasury and left. As a result of this craziness Stifel was forbidden to preach. Finally, the last day came and Stifel began to prepare his followers for the end. Fortunately for everyone except Stifel the world did not end that day. At 8:30 AM the authorities took Stifel away and put him in protective custody, for his own protection. Crowds gathered outside his cell and chanted Stifel must die for many days after this. Martin Luther got Stifel out of this, but he had to promise not to make anymore prophecies. Another one of Stifel's adventures had to do with the newly crowned pope Leo X. Since he was a Lutheran, Stifel was not too fond of Leo and he had the calculations to back up his opinions. Stifel took the name Leo X and wrote it in Latin; this was LEO DECIMVS. He then assigned the numerical counterparts (Roman Numerals) of these letters, throwing out the non-numerical E, O, and S. He rearranged the remaining letters and came up with MDCLVI. The next logical step was to add back the X from Leo's original name and Stifel had MDCLXVI. He then took off the M because it was the initial of mysterium, a word for a religious mystery. The result was DCLXVI, or six hundred sixty-six, or 666. According to Stifel this proved that Pope Leo X was indeed the Antichrist. In response to this, Peter Bungus, a Catholic theologian, decided to write a 700 page book to prove that it was

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Extra Credit - Essay Example At the beginning of the 21st century, the amount of money in the entire world’s savings—including retirement funds, insurance funds, central bank savings, and other funds—went from $36 trillion to $70 trillion. That $36 trillion was the result of hundreds of years of growth, and then suddenly there was this unheard of expansion of funds, because countries like India and Saudi Arabia were making a lot more money and adding to that pool of savings. Before 2000, investors would do everything they could to protect their investments, and would put their money into safe investments such as municipal bonds. Then, when the funds nearly doubled, the investors ran out of places to invest their money, because although the money looking for investment opportunity doubled, the available good investments did not double. So when the demand for investments couldn’t be met, someone had to create a product that would provide more investment opportunities and meet that deman d. What happened next was what Malcolm Gladwell calls a â€Å"tipping point,† or a sudden rise of an idea or behavior that spreads epidemically, because â€Å"ideas and products and messages and behaviors spread just like viruses do† (Gladwell 7). The solution that the financial industry came up with was to identify a new source of consumer by making mortgage loans available to people with bad credit and low income. That way, investments could be made based on the interest that would be earned on these mortgages: roughly 5-9%, instead of the meager 1% available elsewhere. With such a huge demand, mortgage agents had to go find new people to mortgages, until finally in 2003, basically everyone who was qualified to get a mortgage already had one. Then another level of standards had to be introduced, and this involved NINA (no income no assets), stated income verified asset loans, and stated income, stated assets loans. People no longer even had to prove their income, they could simply say that

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Trust in EU Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Trust in EU - Literature review Example As a result, EU is more of an organisation for support between governments. There are three key decision making institutions which comprises the European Parliament which characterizes the EU’s inhabitants, and they pick directly, the Council of the European Union which characterizes the body member states and finally the European Commission, which characterizes the problem of the Union entirely. The institutional triangle creates the rules and regulations that apply all through the European Union. Theoretically, it is the Commission that suggests new laws, only that the Council and Parliament that puts them into practice. The member states and the Commission subsequently employ them, and the Commission inflict them. The supremacy and tasks of the EU institutions and the set of laws and measures are set down in the Treaties on which the EU is established. The Treaties are approved by the presidents and prime ministers of all the EU states and then endorsed by their parliaments . A conceptualization of trust in international relations by Hoffman, A Scholarly and guideline makers have realized a connection amid trust and the diplomatic pledge of interstate quarrels. For instance, over forty years ago, Karl Deutsch et al., (1957) identified trust as part of the strength at which peaceful relations are made. Recently, Koffi Annan, the UN secretary general characterized the December 2000 peace agreement connecting Ethiopia and Eritrea as a chance for the two countries to work for reconciling (Associated press, 12 December 2000). In 1993, there was a joint declaration of peace connecting British and Irish governments explicitly connected trust to the success of an agreed peaceful era. Nonetheless, it is evident that the failures to improve the peace that people’s understanding of how interstate associations come up is a concern that needs to be acted upon. The assumption of the traditional approach that trust is a necessary condition for cooperation is r ather invalid. Therefore, the author of this had an objective of developing a chain of actions that are more susceptible to the existence of trusting associations than already present indicators. This is therefore a theoretical project since it measures the way abstract constructs are conceptualized (Adock and Collier, 2000.et al) This article is considering to the definition of trust. Scholars concur on fundamentals that a description of trust have to comprise, with one exemption, some link trust with enthusiasm to take peril and the anticipation that others will respect specific requirements.(Baier, 1986 et al.,) they also have the same opinion that trusting relationships are behavioral expressions of trust. Snijders (1996) claims that trusting relationships develops when actors give others judgment over other concerns founded on the belief that those concerns will not be laid up. Third they also concur that the concentration and capacity of trust and trusting affairs have the abi lity for disparity. With regard to trust, intensity is the potency of an actor’s notion of the trust worth whereas regarding trusting relations; the strength is the quantity of judgment trustors give trustees over their concerns. On the other hand, Hardin contends that trust is never absolute, that it always involves a three part relation, as in A and B to do with x or subject of x (Hardin, 1998) Conversely, many others propose that trust amid parties can be wide-ranging, spreading over the

Real Reason People Wont Change Essay Example for Free

Real Reason People Wont Change Essay The real reason people wont change is an article by Robert Kegan and Lisa Laskow Lahey. The article was first published in November 2001 in Harvard Business Review. The article describes and summarize about the personal immunity of people that resist them from being changed. The real reason people wont change is not due to lack of skill and deep commitment within them but it is due to hidden competing commitment followed by big assumptions. For some, the need is confidence-building, for others its behavior change or skill development. But sometimes, no matter how hard a person tries, their progress remains inexplicably stalled. The situation can be as frustrating to bosses, colleagues, and family members as it is to the individual. Organizational psychologists Robert Kegan and Lisa Laskow Lahey developed the theory of a competing commitment to explain what they term personal immunity to change. Competing commitments are long held belief that has become an integral part of their make up so that it is difficult to change. When these beliefs are uncovered, change is possible. And it is still true that some people opt not to disrupt their immunity to change, choosing instead to continue their fruitless struggle against their competing commitments. The competing commitments cause even the valued employee to behave in inexplicably and irremediable way. It is a subconscious hidden goal of the people that conflicts with their stated commitments. Many of these competing commitments are based on long-held beliefs that are an integral part of their make-up so they can be difficult to change. Some examples of competing commitments are: Dragging ones feet on an assignment because one wants to avoid a next tougher assignment or future lack of work. * Avoiding teamwork or meetings because one wants to avoid the conflict that is associated with it. * Using sarcastic disruptive humor to keep oneself at a distance from a work group you may not want to be associated with. The article is a psychological analysis and research about the reason that resist people from being changed. The research of the article is mainly concern about uncovering the hidden competing commitment and unearthing big ssumptions. It is not an easy task to uncover the hidden commitment but author has suggested to go through the set of questions. They have developed 3 stage processes to help organizations to figure out what’s getting on way to change? 1. Manager guides employees to uncover competing commitments through the set of questions. 2. Employees examine these commitments to determine underlying assumptions. 3. Start the process of changing behavior. The author presents the example of John who is a talented manager at a software company. Though he is an open communicative type and values close relationship with others, because of his racial group he could not well integrated with the team even if he wanted. He believed that if he became well integrated with the team, it would threaten his sense of loyalty to his own racial group betraying his family and friends. John was genuinely committed to working with team but he had a powerful hidden competing commitment keeping him distance. Another example cited in the article is that of Helen, a manager at manufacturing company. Though she was committed to increase the production of the product she could not succeed. She had an unrecognized commitment of maintaining subordinate relationship with her boss Andrew. She thought that she would me more a peer than a subordinate so wouldn’t be up to the task. The article also describes about the big assumptions. Every employee who just does not change had a hidden commitment because of the assumptions resulting from the competing commitment. Some leaders assume that they would be incompetent if they couldn’t solve all the problems that come up. Even if they have a commitment to hearing from subordinates and maximize the flow of information, they had a competing commitment to not learning about things that he cant do. Competing commitment and big assumptions are the real reason that causes people resist to change. Kegan and Laheys recommended solution for diagnosing this resistance to change is based on guiding individuals through a set of questions to uncover competing commitments. For example 1. What would you like to see changed at work, so that you could be more effective or so that work would be more satisfying? 2. What beliefs or commitments are implied by this recommended change? 3. What are you doing or not doing, that is keeping your beliefs or commitments to change from being fully realized? 4. What if you were to imagine doing the opposite of what you are currently doing, would that cause discomfort, worry or vague fear? 5. What if you were to actually carry out this opposite behaviour, what outcomes are you trying to prevent? The first question responses the complaint which we mostly talk about. Tom, a manager grumbled, â€Å"my subordinates keep me out of the loop. The responses are the complaint which the most managers bemoan because of its negative and unproductive tone. The second question responses complaint what people care about most. Tom said I believed in open and candid communication. It’s a commitment of the Tom to shared decision making. Once the commitments of people are found, third question is identifying the undermining behavior that prevented them from being fulfilled. Tom admitted â€Å"When people bring bad news, I tend to shoot the messenger. † Next question is about going in the opposition of the undermining behavior. Tom concluded Im afraid Ill hear about a problem that I cant fix, something that I cant do anything about. After all, the final step is to transform that passive fear into a statement that reflects an active commitment to preventing certain outcomes. The resulting answer to this final question is the competing commitment which lies at the very heart of a persons immunity to change. These commitments usually involve protecting yourself from things like, not being in control, having to follow someone elses decisions, having to go along with decisions you dont like, not having to deal with problems you cant fix and so on. Once people uncover their competing commitments, big assumption can be easily found out. If people inverted the beginning of the sentences of competing commitment, and then filled out the sentence then assumption can be identified. For e. g. the assumption of Tom is I assume that if I did hear about problems I can’t fix, people would discover I’m not qualified to do my job. This is a difficult process, and it doesn’t happen all at once, because admitting to big assumptions makes people uncomfortable. After identifying competing commitment and big assumptions, Kegan and Lahey had recommended five steps on how to take action to overcome immunity to change. Notice and record current behavior It is about making a note of what does and doesnt happen as a result of holding assumptions to be true. This gives people the opportunity to develop a better appreciation for how and in what contexts big assumptions influence their lives. Look for contrary evidence Employees must look actively for experiences that might cast doubt on the validity of their big assumptions. When John looked around him, he considered for the first time that an African-American manager in another department had strong working relationships with her mostly white colleagues, yet seemed not to have compromised her personal identity. Explore the history It is exploring how and when assumptions took hold, and how long the self-protective stance has been employed Test the assumption It considers making changes in ones behaviour and test out if assumptions are validated; practice in safe environments or where one can extricate oneself fairly quickly if it becomes too uncomfortable. This is the first time people consider making changes in their behavior. Evaluate the results The final step is to check out the result and look for more effective ways to operate in future. This is worth nothing that revealing a big assumption does not necessarily mean it will be exposed as false. But even if big assumption contains the elements of truth, an individual can often find more effective way to operate once he or she has had a chance to challenge the big assumption. The process of challenging and uncovering the competing commitment and unfolding personal immunity to change takes a period of time. Competing commitments should not be seen as a weakness but some form of self-protection which is a normal form of human instinct. The reasons people are protecting themselves usually lie in some deeply-rooted beliefs about themselves and the world around them. These competing commitments usually arise from some big assumptions we have made about the world. People rarely realize they hold assumptions because they accept them as reality. So its necessary to uncover our hidden commitment and big assumptions that has been distance us away from change.